Central Retinal Artery Occlusion (Cherry Red Spot At The Macula)

A symptomatic retinal artery occlusion is an ophthalmic emergency that requires immediate evaluation and transfer to a stroke center. It is an obstruction of retinal blood flow that may be due to an embolus causing occlusion or thrombus formation, vasculitis causing retinal vasculature inflammation, traumatic vessel wall damage, or spasm. The lack of oxygen delivery to the retina during the blockage often results in severe vision loss in the area of ischemic retina. Patients often have concurrent silent ischemic stroke. There are no evidence based treatments that have been demonstrated to have visual benefit, and a 2015 meta-analysis of fibrinolysis suggests that many interventions may be harmful or even fatal.
Control of modifiable risk factors is the primary prevention of this disorder. These modifiable risk factors should be aggressively managed in patients who have experienced vision loss in one eye. Ideally, this should be done in conjunction with a stroke/neurology service.
Complete Cardiac Workup with ECG, Echocardiography, Carotid Doppler Needs to Be Done and GCA Must Always be Rules out.

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